Florida Wastewater Practice Test

What can negatively affect the population of microorganisms in a treatment system?

1. Low temperature

2. Increased aeration

3. High toxicity, strong acids or bases

4. Excessive nutrients

The correct answer is: High toxicity, strong acids or bases

High toxicity, strong acids, or bases can significantly disrupt the balance and health of the microbial population in a wastewater treatment system. Microorganisms play a critical role in breaking down organic matter and facilitating the treatment process. When exposed to toxic substances or extreme pH levels, many microorganisms may die or become inactive, leading to a decline in their population. This reduction can severely impair the efficiency of the treatment system, as fewer organisms are available to perform essential functions, such as the degradation of pollutants. In contrast, while low temperature can slow microbial activity, and excessive nutrients can lead to imbalances, they do not typically result in the immediate and severe impact that high toxicity and extreme pH levels can have. Increased aeration generally promotes the growth of aerobic microorganisms, enhancing treatment processes rather than hindering them. It's important to maintain optimal conditions for microorganisms to thrive, as their health is integral to effective wastewater treatment.